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m convert {{zh-alt-form}} to {{alt form|zh}} (3)
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# {{lb|zh|slang}} Chinese [[yuan]]
# {{lb|zh|slang}} Chinese [[yuan]]


{{zh-cat|Beginning|Zoology|Caprines|Mammals|Sheep|Goats|Even-toed ungulates|Antelopes}}
{{cat|cmn|Beginning Mandarin}}
{{C|zh|Zoology|Caprines|Mammals|Sheep|Goats|Even-toed ungulates|Antelopes}}


==Japanese==
==Japanese==
Line 124: Line 125:


* Compound of {{com|ja|髭|tr1=hige|t1=beard|つ|tr2=tsu|t2=genitive particle|牛|tr3=ushi|t3=cow, ox}}.<ref name=GYJHitsuji/>
* Compound of {{com|ja|髭|tr1=hige|t1=beard|つ|tr2=tsu|t2=genitive particle|牛|tr3=ushi|t3=cow, ox}}.<ref name=GYJHitsuji/>
** Samuel Martin reconstructs ''hitsuji'' as {{inh|ja|jpx-pro|*pitunsi|sort=ひつじ}} and derives it as a compound of {{com|jpx-pro|alt1=*pi|pos1=unknown, perhaps the same ''pi'' found in {{m|jpx-pro|*pinkay|t=beard}}|alt2=*tu|pos2=possibly the genitive particle {{m|ojp|つ|tr=tu}}|alt3=*-n-|pos3=possibly a contraction of the genitive particle {{m|ojp|の|tr=no}}|alt4=*-<sub>(u)</sub>si|pos4=related to [[animals]], as in {{m|ja|[[肉#Japanese:_shishi|肉]]|tr=shishi||meat|pos=obsolete}}, {{m|ja|[[獣#Japanese:_shishi|獣]]|tr=shishi||animal (used for meat)|pos=obsolete}}, or possibly {{m|ja|牛|tr=ushi|t=cow, ox}}|nocat=1}}.<ref name=JLTT>{{R:ja:Martin 1987}}</ref>
** Samuel Martin reconstructs ''hitsuji'' as {{inh|ja|jpx-pro|*pitunsi|sort=ひつじ}} and derives it as a compound of {{com|jpx-pro|alt1=*pi|pos1=unknown, perhaps the same ''pi'' found in {{m|jpx-pro|*pinkay|t=beard}}|alt2=*tu|pos2=possibly the genitive particle {{m|ojp|つ|tr=tu}}|alt3=*-n-|pos3=possibly a contraction of the genitive particle {{m|ojp|の|tr=no}}|alt4=*-<sub>(u)</sub>si|pos4=related to [[animals]], as in {{m|ja|[[肉#Japanese:_shishi|肉]]|tr=shishi||meat|pos=obsolete}}, {{m|ja|[[獣#Japanese:_shishi|獣]]|tr=shishi||animal (used for meat)|pos=obsolete}}, or possibly {{m|ja|牛|tr=ushi|t=cow, ox}}|nocat=1}}.<ref name=JLTT>{{R:ja:Martin 1987}}</ref>
::{{rendaku2|<sub>u</sub>shi|<sub>u</sub>ji}} However rendaku only applies to the first syllable of a word, so Martin reconstructs ''ushi'' as being a compound of {{com|jpx-pro|alt1=*u-|t1=unknown|alt2=*-si|t2=related to animals; see above for examples|nocat=1}}, and that the ''*-si'' suffix can be isolated, with an optional ''*-n-'' to nasalize it.<ref name=JLTT/>
::{{rendaku2|<sub>u</sub>shi|<sub>u</sub>ji}} However rendaku only applies to the first syllable of a word, so Martin reconstructs ''ushi'' as being a compound of {{com|jpx-pro|alt1=*u-|t1=unknown|alt2=*-si|t2=related to animals; see above for examples|nocat=1}}, and that the ''*-si'' suffix can be isolated, with an optional ''*-n-'' to nasalize it.<ref name=JLTT/>


Revision as of 10:21, 25 June 2023

羊 U+7F8A, &#32650;
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7F8A
← 羉
[U+7F89] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 羋 →
[U+7F8B]
⽺ U+2F7A, &#12154;
KANGXI RADICAL SHEEP
← ⽹
[U+2F79] 		Kangxi Radicals ⽻ →
[U+2F7B]
⺶ U+2EB6, &#11958;
CJK RADICAL SHEEP
← ⺵
[U+2EB5] 		CJK Radicals Supplement ⺷ →
[U+2EB7]

Translingual

Stroke order
6 strokes
Stroke order

Han character

See images of
Radical 123 羊

羊 (Kangxi radical 123, 羊+0, 6 strokes, cangjie input 廿手 (TQ), four-corner 80501, composition ⿱䒑𰀁)

  1. Kangxi radical #123, ⽺.

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 950, character 38
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28425
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1393, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3125, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+7F8A

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 羊

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 羊
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (羊) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
样 *ʔslaːŋ, *laŋ
佯 *zlaŋ, *laŋ
詳 *ljaŋ, *laŋ
洋 *ljaŋ, *laŋ
翔 *ljaŋ
庠 *ljaŋ
祥 *ljaŋ
痒 *ljaŋ, *laŋʔ
姜 *klaŋ
羌 *kʰlaŋ
蜣 *kʰlaŋ
猐 *kʰlaŋ
唴 *kʰlaŋs
羊 *laŋ
徉 *laŋ
烊 *laŋ
蛘 *laŋ, *laŋʔ
眻 *laŋ, *laŋs
鴹 *laŋ
恙 *laŋs
羕 *laŋs
樣 *laŋs
漾 *laŋs

Pictogram (象形) – picture of a ram's head.

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-jaŋ (“sheep; yak”). Cognate with Tibetan གཡག (g.yag, “yak”), Lepcha ᰚᰩᰭ (yók, “yak”), Tangut 𗇼 (*gjwã², “goat”), Northern Tujia zo³⁵ (“goat; sheep”).

Pronunciation

Lua error in Module:wuu-pron at line 205: Invalid syllable: 3hhian. Wugniu expected, but another romanisation is supplied.

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 羊

  1. caprid (e.g. sheep, goat, antelope, etc.) (Classifier: 隻／只 m c)
  2. (slang, neologism, humorous) Alternative form of 陽／阳 (yáng, “positive result (in a medical test)”)
  3. † Alternative form of 祥 (xiáng, “auspicious”)
  4. † Alternative form of 徉 (yáng)
  5. a surname: Yang
Synonyms
  • (sheep, goat):
Dialectal synonyms of 羊 (“goat; sheep”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 羊
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 羊
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 羊
Taiwan 羊
Chifeng 羊
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 羊
Harbin 羊
Shenyang 羊
Singapore 羊
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 羊
Tangshan 羊
Cangzhou 羊
Baoding 羊
Shijiazhuang 羊
Jinan 羊
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 羊
Qingdao 羊
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 羊
Wanrong 羊
Zhengzhou 羊
Xi'an 羊
Xining 羊
Xuzhou 羊
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 羊
Lanzhou 羊
Ürümqi 羊
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 羊, 羊子
Chongqing 羊
Wuhan 羊, 羊子
Guiyang 羊, 羊子
Kunming 羊
Guilin 羊
Liuzhou 羊, 羊咩
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 羊
Yangzhou 羊
Nantong 羊
Hefei 羊
Cantonese Guangzhou 羊, 羊咩
Hong Kong 羊, 羊咩, 羊咩咩 childish
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 羊
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 羊
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 羊
Dongguan 羊
Yangjiang 羊, 羊咩
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 羊, 羊咩
Singapore (Guangfu) 羊
Gan Nanchang 羊
Pingxiang 羊
Hakka Meixian 羊仔
Dabu (Xihe) 羊
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 羊仔
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 羊仔
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 羊仔
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 羊
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 羊仔
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 羊
Hong Kong 羊
Kuala Lumpur (Dabu) 羊
Senai (Huiyang) 羊
Huizhou Jixi 羊
Shexian 羊
Jin Taiyuan 羊, 羊兒
Xinzhou 羊
Linhe 羊
Jining 羊
Hohhot 羊
Baotou 羊
Zhangjiakou 羊
Handan 羊
Northern Min Jian'ou 羊
Eastern Min Fuzhou 羊
Southern Min Xiamen 羊, 羊咩咩 childish
Quanzhou 羊, 羊咩咩 childish
Zhangzhou 羊咩咩 childish
Zhao'an 羊仔
Kaohsiung 羊
Yilan 羊仔
Changhua (Lukang) 羊
Taichung 羊仔
Taichung (Wuqi) 羊
Tainan 羊
Taitung 羊
Hsinchu 羊
Penghu (Magong) 羊
Penang (Hokkien) 羊
Singapore (Hokkien) 羊
Manila (Hokkien) 羊
Chaozhou 羊
Shantou 羊
Shantou (Chenghai) 羊
Jieyang 羊
Bangkok (Teochew) 羊
Chiang Mai (Teochew) 羊
Hat Yai (Teochew) 羊
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 羊
Singapore (Teochew) 羊
Pontianak (Teochew) 羊
Haikou 羊, 羊咩
Singapore (Hainanese) 羊
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 羊, 羊咩咩 childish
Shehua Fu'an 羊
Fuding 羊
Luoyuan 羊
Sanming 羊
Shunchang 羊
Hua'an 羊
Guixi (Zhangping) 羊
Cangnan 羊
Jingning (Hexi) 羊
Lishui 羊
Longyou 羊
Chaozhou 羊
Fengshun 羊
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 羊
Wu Shanghai 羊
Suzhou 羊, 羊媽媽
Danyang 羊子
Hangzhou 羊
Wenzhou 羊兒
Xiang Changsha 羊
Shuangfeng 羊

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (羊):
  • → Japanese: 羊(よう) (yō)
  • → Korean: 양(羊) (yang)
  • → Vietnamese: dương (羊)

Others:

See also

References

Etymology 2

Orthographic borrowing from translingual ¥. Perhaps influenced by 大洋 (dàyáng).

Pronunciation

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 羊

  1. (slang) Japanese yen
  2. (slang) Chinese yuan

Japanese

Kanji in this term
羊
ひつじ
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

Kanji

羊

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. sheep

Readings

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
羊
ひつじ
Grade: 3
kun'yomi
A user suggests that this Japanese entry be cleaned up, giving the reason: “Add problems with the mentioned theories, then remove this message. Pinging: @Eirikr”.
Please see the discussion on Requests for cleanup(+) or the talk page for more information and remove this template after the problem has been dealt with.

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *pitunsi. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.[1]

There are various theories regarding the ultimate derivation:

  • From the Chinese zodiac 未 (wèi, “the 8th earthly branches, symbol of sheep”), spoken as 日辻 (hitsuji, literally “day crossing”), in reference to the western sunset at that time.[2]
  • Compound of 髭 (hige, “beard”) +‎ つ (tsu, “genitive particle”) +‎ 牛 (ushi, “cow, ox”).[2]
    • Samuel Martin reconstructs hitsuji as Proto-Japonic *pitunsi and derives it as a compound of *pi (unknown, perhaps the same pi found in *pinkay (“beard”)) +‎ *tu (possibly the genitive particle つ (tu)) +‎ *-n- (possibly a contraction of the genitive particle の (no)) +‎ *-(u)si (related to animals, as in 肉 (shishi, “meat”, obsolete), 獣 (shishi, “animal (used for meat)”, obsolete), or possibly 牛 (ushi, “cow, ox”)).[3]
The ushi changes to uji as an instance of rendaku (連濁). However rendaku only applies to the first syllable of a word, so Martin reconstructs ushi as being a compound of *u- (“unknown”) +‎ *-si (“related to animals; see above for examples”), and that the *-si suffix can be isolated, with an optional *-n- to nasalize it.[3]
  • Sound shift from 人牛 (hito-ushi, literally “person cow”).[2]
  • Theories exist for meaning 養獣 (hitasu-shishi, literally “cultivated meat”) and 養牛 (hitashi-ushi, literally “raised cow”).[2]
    • In Old Japanese, 日足す (pitasu, modern spelling 養たす (hitasu)) meant to nurture. This was first attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE.[4]
As ushi is a cow or an ox and hitsuji is a sheep, the sound shift most likely using hitashi-ushi mentioned above can be proposed:[2]
/hitashiushi/ → /hitaushi/ → /hitsuji/

Pronunciation

 ヒツジ on Japanese Wikipedia

Noun

羊(ひつじ) or 羊(ヒツジ) • (hitsuji) 

  1. a sheep (animal)
    • 1999 March 6, “スリーピィ [Sleepie]”, in Starter Box(スターターボックス), Konami:
      しっぽの長(なが)いひつじ。しっぽを使(つか)い催(さい)眠(みん)術(じゅつ)をかけ、睡(すい)魔(ま)を誘(さそ)う。
      Shippo no nagai hitsuji. Shippo o tsukai saiminjutsu o kake, suima o sasou.
      A sheep that will mesmerize you to sleep with its long tail.
Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ヒツジ.

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
羊
よう
Grade: 3
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 羊 (MC yang).

Pronunciation

Affix

羊(よう) • (yō) 

  1. a sheep (animal)

References

  1. ^ “羊”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 ヒツジ／羊／ひつじ - Gogen Yurai Jiten (in Japanese)
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Samuel E. Martin (1987) The Japanese Language Through Time, New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN
  4. ^ “養”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[2] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000
  5. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  6. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  7. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 羊 (MC yang). Recorded as Middle Korean 야ᇰ (yang) (Yale: yang) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

羊 (eumhun 양 양 (yang yang))

  1. hanja form? of 양 (“sheep”)

Compounds

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese

Han character

羊: Hán Nôm readings: dương

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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