謹慎

See also: 谨慎

Chinese

		cautious	cautious
trad. (謹慎)		謹	慎
simp. (谨慎)		谨	慎

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jǐnshèn

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣˇ ㄕㄣˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gan² san⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kín-sīn

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jǐnshèn
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣˇ ㄕㄣˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jǐnshèn
    • Wade–Giles: chin³-shên⁴
    • Yale: jǐn-shèn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiinshenn
    • Palladius: цзиньшэнь (czinʹšɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂən⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gan² san⁶
    • Yale: gán sahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gan² san⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: gen² sen⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐn³⁵ sɐn²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kín-sīn
    • Tâi-lô: kín-sīn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kynsin
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kin⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sin²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kin⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sin⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kin⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sin²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kin⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sin³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kin⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sin³³/

Adjective

(deprecated template usage) 謹慎

1. cautious; careful; prudent; circumspect; wary

Japanese

Kanji in this term
謹	慎
きん Grade: S	しん Grade: S
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
謹愼 (kyūjitai)

Noun

謹(きん)慎(しん) • (kinshin) 

1. self restrain
2. moderating one's behaviour
3. penitence
4. discipline

Adjective

謹(きん)慎(しん) • (kinshin) -na (adnominal 謹(きん)慎(しん)な (kinshin na), adverbial 謹(きん)慎(しん)に (kinshin ni))

1. prudent; disciplined

Verb

謹(きん)慎(しん)する • (kinshin suru) suru (stem 謹(きん)慎(しん)し (kinshin shi), past 謹(きん)慎(しん)した (kinshin shita))

1. to behave; to be on one's best behavior
2. to be self restraint
3. to be penitent

Conjugation

Conjugation of "謹慎する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	謹慎し	きんしんし	kinshin shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	謹慎し	きんしんし	kinshin shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	謹慎する	きんしんする	kinshin suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	謹慎する	きんしんする	kinshin suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	謹慎すれ	きんしんすれ	kinshin sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	謹慎せよ¹ 謹慎しろ²	きんしんせよ¹ きんしんしろ²	kinshin seyo¹ kinshin shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	謹慎される	きんしんされる	kinshin sareru
Causative	謹慎させる 謹慎さす	きんしんさせる きんしんさす	kinshin saseru kinshin sasu
Potential	謹慎できる	きんしんできる	kinshin dekiru
Volitional	謹慎しよう	きんしんしよう	kinshin shiyō
Negative	謹慎しない	きんしんしない	kinshin shinai
Negative continuative	謹慎せず	きんしんせず	kinshin sezu
Formal	謹慎します	きんしんします	kinshin shimasu
Perfective	謹慎した	きんしんした	kinshin shita
Conjunctive	謹慎して	きんしんして	kinshin shite
Hypothetical conditional	謹慎すれば	きんしんすれば	kinshin sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative