berak

Basque

Etymology 1

Determiner

berak

1. absolutive plural of bera (“the same”)
2. ergative singular of bera (“the same”)

Pronoun

berak

1. ergative singular of bera (“he, she, it”)

Etymology 2

Adjective

berak

1. absolutive plural of bera (“soft”)
2. ergative indefinite of bera (“soft”)
3. ergative singular of bera (“soft”)

Hungarian

Etymology

be- (“in”) +‎ rak (“to place, put”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈbɛrɒk]
• Hyphenation: be‧rak
• Rhymes: -ɒk

Verb

berak

1. (transitive) to put in (to place inside)

   Synonym: betesz

Conjugation

conjugation of berak

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	berakok	beraksz	berak	berakunk	beraktok	beraknak
		Def.	berakom	berakod	berakja	berakjuk	berakjátok	berakják
		2nd-p. o.	beraklak	―
	Past	Indef.	beraktam	beraktál	berakott	beraktunk	beraktatok	beraktak
		Def.	beraktam	beraktad	berakta	beraktuk	beraktátok	berakták
		2nd-p. o.	beraktalak	―
	Future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. be fog rakni.
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	berakék	berakál	beraka	berakánk	berakátok	berakának
		Def.	berakám	berakád	beraká	berakánk	berakátok	berakák
		2nd-p. o.	berakálak	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. berak vala, berakott vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	berakandok	berakandasz	berakand	berakandunk	berakandotok	berakandanak
		Def.	berakandom	berakandod	berakandja	berakandjuk	berakandjátok	berakandják
		2nd-p. o.	berakandalak	―
Condi­tional mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	beraknék	beraknál	berakna	beraknánk	beraknátok	beraknának
		Def.	beraknám	beraknád	berakná	beraknánk (or beraknók)	beraknátok	beraknák
		2nd-p. o.	beraknálak	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. berakott volna
Sub­junc­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	berakjak	berakj or berakjál	berakjon	berakjunk	berakjatok	berakjanak
		Def.	berakjam	berakd or berakjad	berakja	berakjuk	berakjátok	berakják
		2nd-p. o.	berakjalak	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. berakott légyen
Infinitive	berakni		beraknom	beraknod	beraknia	beraknunk	beraknotok	berakniuk
Other forms	Verbal noun		Present part.	Past part.	Future part.	Adverbial participle		Causative
	berakás		berakó	berakott	berakandó	berakva (berakván)		berakat
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).
The prefix can split from the verb stem, e.g. nem rak be or be is rak.

potential conjugation of berak

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	berakhatok	berakhatsz	berakhat	berakhatunk	berakhattok	berakhatnak
		Def.	berakhatom	berakhatod	berakhatja	berakhatjuk	berakhatjátok	berakhatják
		2nd-p. o.	berakhatlak	―
	Past	Indef.	berakhattam	berakhattál	berakhatott	berakhattunk	berakhattatok	berakhattak
		Def.	berakhattam	berakhattad	berakhatta	berakhattuk	berakhattátok	berakhatták
		2nd-p. o.	berakhattalak	―
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	berakhaték	berakhatál	berakhata	berakhatánk	berakhatátok	berakhatának
		Def.	berakhatám	berakhatád	berakhatá	berakhatánk	berakhatátok	berakhaták
		2nd-p. o.	berakhatálak	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. berakhat vala, berakhatott vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	berakhatandok or berakandhatok	berakhatandasz or berakandhatsz	berakhatand or berakandhat	berakhatandunk or berakandhatunk	berakhatandotok or berakandhattok	berakhatandanak or berakandhatnak
		Def.	berakhatandom or berakandhatom	berakhatandod or berakandhatod	berakhatandja or berakandhatja	berakhatandjuk or berakandhatjuk	berakhatandjátok or berakandhatjátok	berakhatandják or berakandhatják
		2nd-p. o.	berakhatandalak or berakandhatlak	―
Condi­tional mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	berakhatnék	berakhatnál	berakhatna	berakhatnánk	berakhatnátok	berakhatnának
		Def.	berakhatnám	berakhatnád	berakhatná	berakhatnánk (or berakhatnók)	berakhatnátok	berakhatnák
		2nd-p. o.	berakhatnálak	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. berakhatott volna
Sub­junc­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	berakhassak	berakhass or berakhassál	berakhasson	berakhassunk	berakhassatok	berakhassanak
		Def.	berakhassam	berakhasd or berakhassad	berakhassa	berakhassuk	berakhassátok	berakhassák
		2nd-p. o.	berakhassalak	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. berakhatott légyen
Inf.	(berakhatni)		(berakhatnom)	(berakhatnod)	(berakhatnia)	(berakhatnunk)	(berakhatnotok)	(berakhatniuk)
Positive adjective			berakható	Neg. adj.	berakhatatlan	Adv. part.	(berakhatva / berakhatván)
The prefix can split from the verb stem, e.g. nem rakhat be or be is rakhat.

Further reading

• berak in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• berak in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay berak, cognate with Banjarese bahira.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bɛ.rak/, /bɛ.raʔ/
• Hyphenation: be‧rak

Noun

berak

1. poop; feces; shit.

Synonyms

• tahi, tinja

Verb

berak

1. to poop; to defecate; to shit.

Synonyms

• buang air besar, BAB, boker, beol

Further reading

• “berak” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *bahiraʔ. Cognate with Banjarese bahira.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [beˈräʔ]
• Rhymes: -aʔ

Noun

berak (Jawi spelling بيرق, plural berak-berak, informal 1st possessive berakku, 2nd possessive berakmu, 3rd possessive beraknya)

1. poop; feces; shit.

Synonyms

• tahi, tinja, air besar

Verb

berak (Jawi spelling بيرق)

1. to poop; to shit; to defecate.

Synonyms

• buang air besar

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• memberakkan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
• memberaki [agent focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (meN- + -i)
• terberak [agentless action] (teR-)
• terberak-berak [reduplication + agentless action] (redup + teR-)

Further reading

• “berak” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.